Fault code P0853 is called “Drive Switch Input Circuit Malfunction” but in different programs it may be called differently. This fault designation applies to all vehicles equipped with OBD-II.
Technical description and explained code P0853
This diagnostic trouble code (DTC) is a generic transmission code. Error P0853 is considered a general code because it applies to all makes and models of vehicles. Although the specific repair steps may vary slightly depending on the model.
To determine gear shift patterns, the TCM control module controls the gear position switch. This switch is sometimes called the PRNDL on automatic transmissions, and the park/neutral (PNP) position.
The PNP signal is used to enable or disable engine start and cruise control. For example, when the transmission is in Park or Neutral mode, a signal is sent to the control module to allow the engine to start.
The control module continuously monitors the PRNDL switch, comparing its signal to expected values. If an incorrect signal is sent from the transmission drive switch input circuit, fault code P0853 will be stored.
Symptoms of vehicle malfunctions
The main signal that an error P0853 has occurred is the Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) is also known as the CheckEngine Light.
It can also be warning signs such as:
- The “Check engine” control lamp on the control panel will light up (the code will be stored as a fault).
- All-wheel drive cannot be engaged.
- Rough gear shifting.
- Failure to shift.
- Increased fuel consumption.
- There may be no symptoms other than the stored fault code.
The severity of error P0853, depending on the symptoms, may vary from moderate to serious. But in any case, it is recommended to eliminate it as soon as possible.
Factors that can cause this error code
The error code P0853 can mean that one or more of the following problems have occurred:
- Faulty PRNDL switch.
- Corrosion or other wiring problems.
- Faulty transfer case range sensor.
- Sometimes the cause is a defective PCM module.
How to fix or reset OBD-2 code P0853
Some suggested steps for troubleshooting and fix the error code P0853:
- Test the transfer case range sensor.
- Inspect the wiring to the switch for damage.
- Check the PRNDL switch.
Diagnose and repair of problems
Before you begin fixing error P0853, check the technical service bulletins (TSB) for your specific vehicle. The problem may already be known with a known fix issued by the manufacturer. This can save you time and money during diagnosis.
The next step is to find the gear position switch (PRNDL). This is a simple on/off switch with one input and output.
The input should have 12V, the output has values of 0V and 12V, depending on whether the transmission is in drive mode or not. To diagnose the PRNDL switch, a digital voltmeter or test lamp is usually sufficient.
If no problems are detected, the transfer case range sensor must be checked, adjusted, or replaced to eliminate code P0853.
On which vehicles does this problem occur most frequently
Fault code P0853 can occur on different vehicles but there are statistics on which brands this occurs most often. Here is a list of some of them:
- Chrysler
- Dodge (RAM)
- Ford
- Jeep
Fault code P0853 can sometimes be found with other errors. The most common are the following: P0854, P0855.
