Fault code P2630 – O2 sensor pumping current trim circuit low (Bank 2, Sensor 1)

Fault code P2630 is called “O2 Sensor Pumping Current Trim Circuit Low (Bank 2, Sensor 1)” but in different programs it may be called differently. This fault designation applies to all vehicles equipped with OBD-II.

Technical description and explained code P2630

OBD-II error code P2630 is defined as “Sensor current correction circuit O₂ (Bank 2, Sensor 1) low”. It is set when the PCM detects the signal voltage from the sensor to be out of the acceptable or expected range during deceleration. Bank 2 refers to a cylinder group that does not include cylinder #1. A Sensor 1 refers to the oxygen sensor upstream of the catalytic converter.

Fault code P2630 – O2 sensor pumping current trim circuit low (Bank 2, Sensor 1)

The old narrowband oxygen sensors O₂ react to changes in the oxygen level in the exhaust stream. By generating signal voltages based on the actual oxygen content in the exhaust stream. But the changes in the signal voltages generated can be abrupt. When the engine goes from rich to lean mixture mode, for example, during deceleration.

The new-generation wideband oxygen O₂ sensors do roughly the same thing, but much more efficiently. This is achieved through a complex relationship between the actual control cell of the broadband oxygen sensors. As well as the material it is made of and the additional electronics in both the sensor and its control circuitry.

During normal operation, the O₂ sensor responds to changes in the oxygen content of the exhaust stream. Depending on the type of sensor, it detects changes in either signal voltage or electrical resistance. Which the PCM uses to keep the air/fuel ratio as close to the ideal 14.7:1 as possible.

A fully functional oxygen sensor cannot generate a signal voltage or resistance that does not change. The typical range of signal voltage ranges from 0.1 volts to 0.9 volts.

Typically, code P2630 is set when the signal voltage from the sensor exceeds the value that the PCM expects to receive within a certain period of time. The value is generated based on the current operating conditions and the load and speed of the motor.

In most cases, a deviation in either direction of more than 10% of the expected value will cause the code to be set and the check engine light to illuminate. The indicator will also illuminate if the continuous deviation period exceeds 8 seconds.

Symptoms of vehicle malfunctions

The main signal that an error P2630 has occurred is the Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) is also known as the CheckEngine Light.

It can also be warning signs such as:

  1. The “Check Engine” control lamp on the control panel will light up (the code will be recorded in the memory as a malfunction).
  2. Floating revolutions, as well as attempts to stall at idle.
  3. Engine stalls or fails to start.
  4. Engine vibration during acceleration.
  5. Decrease of the engine power.
  6. Increased fuel consumption.
  7. Black smoke coming out of the exhaust pipe.

The severity of the P2630 fault code varies from medium to high. But if it is not eliminated for a long time, the catalytic converter may fail.

Factors that can cause this error code

The error code P2630 can mean that one or more of the following problems have occurred:

  • Oxygen sensor O₂ or its heater is defective.
  • Accumulation of carbon or other contamination on the sensor O₂.
  • Open or short circuit in the wiring harness.
  • Blown fuse.
  • Problem with fuel pressure or fuel injector.
  • Leaky intake air or vacuum in engine.
  • Excessive exhaust leakage.
  • Faulty mass air flow sensor (MAF).
  • Faulty sensor as well as fuel pressure regulator.
  • Sometimes the cause is a faulty PCM module.

How to fix or reset OBD-2 code P2630

Some suggested steps for troubleshooting and fix the error code P2630:

  1. Inspect the wiring and connectors.
  2. Visually inspect the vacuum lines.
  3. Perform fuel pressure test.
  4. Test sensors for failure. Replace if necessary.
  5. Test the PCM module, replace it if necessary.

Diagnose and repair of problems

Starting the diagnosis of fault P2630, inspect the wiring and connectors leading to the sensor, check for abrasions, melting, repair if necessary. Visually check the vacuum lines. If it is determined that the problem is a vacuum leak, it would be wise to replace all vacuum lines.

Remove the oxygen sensor O₂ from the vehicle and inspect it for fouling, damage or deposits. Note that dirty or damaged oxygen sensors cannot be cleaned or repaired.

When replacing the sensor, make sure all wiring is properly connected, routed away from hot exhaust system components. Fasten securely to prevent friction or abrasion on other components.

Clear fault code P2630 and test drive to see if the code returns again, which is very unlikely. However, if it does return, it is likely that the replaced sensor is also faulty or the monitoring circuits in the PCM are faulty.

Check the current technical service bulletins (TSB) for your vehicle. In some cases, the PCM may be calibrated and the problem will be resolved.

Checking voltage

When the fuel mixture is balanced and the ratio is approximately 14.7:1, which is normal for most engines. This is when optimum performance is achieved and the sensor will show about 0.45 volts.

The oxygen sensor typically generates up to about 0.9 volts when the fuel mixture is rich and there is unburned oxygen in the exhaust. When the mixture is lean, the sensor output voltage will drop to about 0.1 volt.

If the test determines that there is no power or ground, then a continuity check of the wiring circuit should be performed. The continuity check should always be performed with the power disconnected.

Normal readings should be 0 ohms of resistance unless otherwise specified in the specifications. Resistance or no continuity indicates that the faulty wiring is open or shorted. It must be repaired or replaced and then the error P2630 must be checked again.

On which vehicles does this problem occur most frequently

Fault code P2630 can occur on different vehicles but there are statistics on which brands this occurs most often. Here is a list of some of them:

  • Acura (TL)
  • Audi
  • BMW
  • Ford (Taurus)
  • Honda (Accord)
  • Hyundai
  • Kia
  • Mercedes-Benz
  • Mini
  • Volkswagen

Fault code P2630 can sometimes be found with other errors. The most common are the following: P2626, P2627, P2628, P2629, P2631.

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