Fault code P0513 is called “Incorrect Immobilizer Key” but in different programs it may be called differently. This fault designation applies to all vehicles equipped with OBD-II.
Technical description and explained code P0513
The OBD-II trouble code P0513 is a general code that is most often defined as “wrong immobilizer key”. It is set when the anti-theft or security system does not recognize the key or key fob. When attempting to open, unlock or start the vehicle engine.
If your vehicle is equipped with a special security system, a microprocessor chip built into the key (immobilizer) is required to start the engine. Without it, if you turn the key to the start position, the engine will turn, but will not start. This is because the PCM will disable the fuel and ignition systems.
Thanks to the microchip and circuit board built into the key, it becomes a kind of transmitter. When the right key approaches the car, the electromagnetic field generated by the PCM activates the microprocessor and makes certain functions possible.
When activated, functions such as locking and unlocking doors, unlocking the trunk and push-button starting are available. Some models require a conventional metal key with a microchip to perform these and other important functions.
The PCM, after activating the microprocessor key, attempts to recognize the cryptographic signature. If the key signature is genuine and valid, the fuel injection and ignition sequences are activated and the engine starts.
If the PCM cannot recognize the key signature, code P0513 will be stored, the security system will be activated and fuel injection will be suspended. The malfunction indicator on the instrument panel may also illuminate.
Symptoms of vehicle malfunctions
The main signal that an error P0513 has occurred is the Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) is also known as the CheckEngine Light.
It can also be warning signs such as:
- The “Check engine” control lamp on the control panel will light up (the code will be recorded in the memory as a fault).
- The safety light illuminates.
- The engine will not start.
- In some cases, the engine may start but will shut off after two or three seconds.
- The vehicle’s electrical system may be disabled if the maximum number of attempts to start the vehicle with an unrecognized key is exceeded.
Fault code P0513 should be classified as serious because if it is present, you will most likely not be able to start the engine.
Factors that can cause this error code
The error code P0513 can mean that one or more of the following problems have occurred:
- Faulty microprocessor key or key fob.
- Dead batteries in the key or key fob (the most common cause).
- Faulty ignition switch.
- Disconnected battery for any reason.
- Damaged, burned, shorted or corroded wiring.
- Sometimes the cause is a faulty PCM module.
How to fix or reset OBD-2 code P0513
Some suggested steps for troubleshooting and fix the error code P0513:
- Read all data and stored error codes, using an OBD-II scanner.
- Clear the codes and check if error code P0513 appears again.
- Check the batteries in the key or key fob.
- Test the microprocessor key or key fob, it may be faulty and need to be replaced.
- Inspect the wiring for damage.
Diagnose and repair of problems
When troubleshooting error P0513, the best place to start is with a visual inspection of the relevant wiring and connectors as well as the key itself. If the key body has been cracked or damaged in any way, there is a good chance that the circuit board is also damaged.
It is not unreasonable to check the battery, as a weak battery can be the source of your problems. Weak or intermittent voltage in the electrical circuit may be directly related to the stored code.
Next, you need to connect the scanner to the vehicle’s diagnostic port and save all the trouble codes. Start diagnosing and correcting the errors in the order in which they were saved.
A common cause of stored code P0513 is a dead battery inside the key. After its replacement, this problem disappears. If the key itself is defective, after its replacement it will most likely require a reset procedure and training.
On which vehicles does this problem occur most frequently
Fault code P0513 can occur on different vehicles but there are statistics on which brands this occurs most often. Here is a list of some of them:
- Chevrolet (Captiva, Cruze, Orlando)
- Chrysler (300C, 300M, PT Cruiser, Pacifica, Sebring)
- DAF (XF-105)
- Dodge (Caravan, Neon, RAM)
- Hover
- Hyundai
- Jeep (Compass, Grand Cherokee)
- Land Rover (Range Rover)
- Mazda
- Mitsubishi (ASX, Colt, L200, Lancer, Outlander, Pajero)
- Opel (Agila, Antara, Astra, Insignia, Mokka)
- Skoda (Octavia)
- Volkswagen (Passat)
Fault code P0513 can sometimes be found with other errors. The most common are the following: P0016, P0068, P0237, P0238, P0344, P0563, P0581, P135B, P1682, P2149.
